This group utilizes low-temperature scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that visualizes individual atoms and molecules in real space. We also perform localized spectroscopic measurements by irradiating the SPM junctions with laser light. This provides information on the sub-nanometer scale beyond the simple topography. The goal of this group is to understand the origin of characteristic chemical/physical phenomena at solid material surfaces and molecules adsorbed on the surfaces at the atomic level by high spatial resolution imaging and spectroscopy techniques.